System of distribution.



E c. WRIGHT.

SY STEMOF DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED SEP-T. 3 1907.

1,134,659 Q Y I Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

2 sums-$113M 1.

awmQw"" i i E. 10. WRIGHT. SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION. APPLICATION FILEI)SEPT. 3. I90]. -.Patented Apr.6, 1915.

2 8EEETS-SHBET 2.

T D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

npwm o. WRIGHT, or NEWPORT, KENTUCKY, AssIGN-on, BY. MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,'ro

j ALLIS-CHALMERS manorae'ronme coMrAnY, n'conrann'rxon or DELAWARE.

SYSTEM OF DIs'rRI'BUTIoN.

To all whom it may concern:

Be'it known that I, EDWIN C. WRIGHT, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Newport, in the county ofCampbell and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and usefulImprovementsin Systems of Distribution, of which-the following is afull, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to connecting dyname-electric machines in parallel,especially when such machines are not all simi- I If two or more dynamoelectric machines are connected in parallel across a supply It is oneobject of my present invention to v provide means whereby two or moredynamo-electric machines may be connected in parallel across vasupplyc'ircuit and yet divide the load proportionately between them,even though they are? dissimilar or though some 'or all of them haveanti-sparking windings.

A further object is to provide meanswhereby in case the dissimilarityexists because one or more ofsaid machines are pro- ,vided withantisparking windings, the variations of current in such anti-sparking40 windings will be proportional to those' in the armature's with whichthey are respectively associated.

In attaining these objects certain novel features are used which willappear from the description and drawings and will be particularlypointed out in the claims.

Figures land 2. show simple connection diagrams of systemsfio theimprovement of the operation of which my invention is applicable. Fig. 3shows-a more complete diagram of the-preferred embodiment of myinvention; and Fig; 4 is a connection dia gram showing in-simpler formthe connec-' tions of Fig. 3, but with the shunt field Specification ofIitters Patent. Application fiied September 33,1907. S eri aI No. 391,173.

Patent d Apr. 6, 1915.

windings connected in short shunt instead of in long. shunt. v

I1! all of the figures, two'dynamo-electric machines A and B areconnected inparallel across the mains 10 and 11 of a supply cir cuit.These machines may'be either motors '60 or generators. The machines Aand B are provided with shunt field windings 12 and" 13 respectively,which may be connected. either in short shunt as in Figs. 1,. 2 and 4 orin long shunt-as in Fig. 3, and with series field windings 14 and 15.The shunt field windings may be adjusted by manually operated rheostats.12 and 13 respectively. The machine A is also provided with anantlsparking winding 16, which may be of any desiredtypebut is shown inFig. 3 as being a commutatingwinding located on auxiliary poles midwaybetween the-main field poles.

In order to cause the two machines to divide, the load proportionatelybetween 7.5 them, Whether it be the electrical load which they arecarrying as generators, or the me-' chanical load which they arecarrying as .motors, it is necessary that some interconnection beprovided between them.

In Fig. 1 this interconnection is shown as the equalizer21, betweenwhich andthe main 11 the armatures and shunt field wind 'ings areconnected and between which and the main 10 the series field andcommutating -windings 14, 15 and 16 are connected, 14'and 16 being: inseries. This arrangement operates very well to maintain theproportionate division of load between the two machines. Thus if thearmature B draws more than its share of the current, the extra currentcomes partly through its own series field winding '15 and partly throughthe equalizer and the windings 14 and 16 ofthe machine A. By thecompounding action of 9. the windings 1 1 and 16, the. current is causedto increase in the armature A so that it tends to reassumeits share ofthe load. On the other hand, in casethe armatureA takes more than itsshareof the current, by. an operation the reverse of that abovedescribed the armature B is caused immediately to draw a larger currentto relieve the armature A; This action tends to restore: he 5 normalratio between the currents in the two armatures- But while the actionpith e arrangement shown in- Fig. 1 maintains a comparatively stablebalance. between the currents in the armatures of the differentmachines, the 210131011 is not exact and any inexactness'causes thecommutatlng winding 16 totake either more or less currentproportionately than the armature A, in which case, either because oftoostrong or too weak a commutating field, the machine A is'liableto'spark.

I In Fig. 2 is shown an arrangement in which this sparking is obviated.Here the equalizing connection 22 is vconnected to the machine B asbefore, but to the machine A at a-pointbetween the series-field winding1A and the commutating field winding 16. Thus the winding 14: connectedbetween the main 10 and the equalizer while the winding 16 and'thearmature A are connected in series between the main l1 and theequalizer. With this arrangement the current in the commutating windingis compelled to vary in the same proportion as that in the armature A,and thus no sparkingat the commutator. of machine A is caused because oftoo strong or too weak a commutating field. But inthe arrangement showninFig. 2 the-balance between the loads on the two machines is not astable one, because the compoundingaction in the machine A is duepartly'to the series winding 14 and partly to the commutating winding16'.- Thus if themachine B takes more than its' B tends torise fasterthan thatin the arma-.

' mm A and to take a still greater share of the current; The reverseaction takes place if the unbalancing is 'reversed. Thus the balance inthe arrangement shown in Fig. 2

is unstable. Inthe arrangement shown in Figs. 3 and 4 it is endeavoredto combine the advantages of both Figs. 1 and 2 while avoiding thedisadvantages of :both. In this .case the equalizer 21 is connected inthe same manner as the equalizer .in Fig. 1. Solenoids 24 and 25 areconnected in the circuits of the armature A and the series fieldwinding- 14:.

A respectively andract difi'erentially upon a oore 26 to control arheostat 27 in circuit with one of the shunt field windings, say 12.-Upon adisproportionate division of the load between the machines A and Ban-action similar to that described in connection with Fig. 1 takesplace, and, moreover, the solenoid 24 or the solenoid 25. is caused topredominate, moving the core 26 to operate the rheostat 27 to 'vary' thestrengthin the fieldwinding '12 in the proper direction until theequilibrium between. the. coils 24 and v25 is restored. Thus .if themachine B nieaeee the load, its armature draws current not only throughits own series winding 15 but also through equalizer 21 and the windingsis properly varied-to cause the armature A to take more current, thusalso. tending to restore theg. ratio between. the currents in thearmaturesof the two machines to its normal value. Upon such restoration,which #with this arrangement may ,be'almost or quit complete, currentceases toflow in the equalizer 21;and the ratio between the currentsin'the armature A and in the commutating winding 16 is also restored tonormal. i

In the arrangements shown the series field windings are shown ascumulative. if the ma-.

chines are generators and differential if they are motors. However myinvention 1s not hmited to such machines.

The rheostat 27 in Figs; 3 and 4 is shown. connected as it would be whenthe machines I Ai and B are generators. chines are motors, the rheostatwould gener- \Vhen these m'aally be connected to operate exactlyoppostay.

Instead of therheostat 27 in the shunt field circuit of the machine A,any other: 11cc desired form of regulating device may be used' In factit is not necessary that the. regulating device be confinedto thefieldof the machine A, as it can be equallyaswell' located in the fieldcircuit of the machine B;

' Although for the sake 91E simplicity ofilytwo machines are here shownconnected in-paral-.

lel, my system is equally applicable to cases where more than twomachines are used.

It should be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exactdetails of construction and arrangement shown and our to a personskilled in the art.

JVVhat I claim as new is:-'- v,

1. In combination, a plurality of dynamodescribed, for obviousmodifications will 00- I electric machines connected. in parallel, atleast one but less than all of said machines being provided withanti-sparking windings, and means for maintaining the proportionatedivision of current between said machines substantially constant and Ialso maintaining the' currents in the anti-sparking windingssubstantially proportional to V those in the armatures with which theyare respectively associated.

' 2. In combination, two dynamo-electric. machines connected "inparallel, vone only of said machines being provided with a com-.

mutating winding, and means for-maintain- 65 takes more than itsproportionate share of ing the proportionate valuesof the currents 5--7. In combination, a sup compound wound dynamo-e ectr c machines I thearmatures of said machines and in sald commutating, windingsubstantially constant.

.3. In combination, two compound wound 5 dynamo-electric machinesconnected in par allel, one only of said machines being provided withanti-sparking windings, and means for causing the variations of currentin the armatures of thetwo machines and 10 in saidanti-sparkingwindingsto be; proportional.

Y 4. .In combination,'a supply-circuit, tw l compound wounddynamo-electric machines connected in parallel to said supply circuit,

oneonly of said machines being provided one only of said machines beingprovided with a com nutating' winding, and means for automaticallyregulating the shunt field winding 01f one of said machines to cause theK ratio between the currents in said commutating winding'a'nd' inthe-armature with which it-is associatedto be maintained sub- Istantially constant.

6, In combination, a supply circuit, two

compound wound dynamo-electric machines connected in parallel thereto,only one of said dynamo-electric machines being provided withalcommutating winding, and automatic means for varying the effect of1'40 the shunt field winding of one of said ma:

' chines to cause the variations of current in the armatures of said twomachines and'in "said commutating winding to be proportionaL ly circuit,two

' connected in parallel to said supply circuit, one only of saidmachines being provided with a commutating winding, and meanswforregulati'ng the strength of the current in the shunt field windingof one of said machines to cause the ratio between the, currents takenby the" armatures of thetwo machines to remain substantially constant.8. In combination, a supply circuit, two compound-wound dynamo-electricmachines connected in parallel to said supply circuit, one only of .saidmachines being provided with acommutating winding, and means forregulating the shunt field winding of one of said machines to cause theratio between.

the currents in said commutatingwinding and in the armature with whichit is associated tov be maintained substantially constant. V

Stant.

"9. In combination, a supply circuit, two

connected inparallel thereto, only one of said dynamo-electric'fmachines being provided with'jacommutatingwinding, and meansforvarying the efiectof the shunt field winding of one of said machines tocompound-wound dynamo-electric machines cause the variations of currentin the arma I tures of said two machines and in said commutating windingto be proportional.

10. Incombination, a supply circuit, two

compound-wound dynamo-electric machines one only of said machines beingprovided with a commutating winding, and means for automaticallyregulating the strength of c'onnectedin parallel to said supply circuit,

current in 'a field winding of'one of said machines toucause therati'obetween the cur-' rents taken by the armatures of the-two machinesto remain substantially constant.

11'.-'In combination, 'a supply circuit, two compound -wounddynamo-electric machines connected in parallel to said supply circuit,one only of said machines being provided with a commutating winding,.and means for automatically regulating a field winding of one of saidmachines to cause the ratio between the currents in,said commutat-- ingwinding and in the armature'with which it is associated to bemaintained" substantially constant. '12. In combination, a supplycircuit, two

compound-wound dynamo-electrigmachines connected in parallel 'thereto,only one of said dynamo-electric machines being pro- I Vided witha'commutating-winding, and au-' tom'atic means for varying the effectorone of the field windingsyof one of said machines to-cause thevariations of, current inj'the armatures of said two machines and insaidcommutating winding to be proportional- 13;In combination, a pluralityof. ,dy-

namo-electric machines connected in parallel, at least one of saidmachine sbeing pro vided withr anti-sparking windings, and means inclriding .anautomatically-operated member for maintaining the ratiosbetween the currents in the anti-sparking windings and those in thearmatures with which they are respectively associateds ubstantiall yco'nv 14. In I namo-electric machines connected'in parallel, at leastone of said machines being provided with anti-sparking windings, and

combination, a plurality of dy means including an automatically operatedmember for causing the proportionate division of current betweensaidmachines to be maintained substantially constant.

15. In combination, a plurality of dynamo-electric machines connected inparallel, at least one of said machines being pro- 'vided withanti-sparking windings, and

means vincluding an automatically operated for maintaining theproportionate division of current. betweenvsaid machines tween said twovmachine'ssubstantiallyconf "of said'first dynamo-electricmachine. I 21.In combination; two compound-wound" -dynamo-ele'ctric machines connectedin parallel, one only of said machines being pro.- vided withanti-sparking windings, and means including an automatically} operatedconnected in parallel with said first niasnbstantially constant and alsomaintaining the currents in the anti-sparking winding Substantiallyproportional to. those in the armatures with which they are respectivelyassociated. 16'. In combination, two dynamorelectric machines connectedin piu'allel, one'only of said machines being provided with a "comamutating winding, and means including an automatically operated memberffor main taining the ratio of currentdivision be stant. r

.17 {In c0mbination,'a dynamo-electric m'ar chine 'providedwith acommutatingwind ing, a second dynamo-electric machinefunprovided with aconnnutating winding and chine; and means including an automaticallyoperated member for maintaining the ratio between the current in saidcommutating winding and that in the'armature of said" i first machinesubstantially constant.

" 18. In combination; two dynamo-electric machines connected inparallel, one'only of v said machines being provided witha com" 'rents]in the armatures ofsaid machines and vin said commutating windingsubstantially..

" constant.

19% In combination, av compound wound dynamo-electric machineprov'idedwith anti-sparking windings, a second compound wounddynamo-electric machme connected" in 1 parallel with, said firstmachine, 'and -mean sincluding an automatically o rperatedfi OLIVERmember for maintaining the ratio between i the currents .in-thearmatures of thetwo machines substantially. constant;

20.Incombination, a compound -lwound dynamoelectric machine providedwith anti-sparking windings, a second compound-' wound, dynamo-electricmachine nnprovided;

withanthsparking windings and connected;- in paralleltwithsaidfirstmachine, and means} including-an automatically operated member forcausng the variations ofcuri'ent in said; i

anti-sparking windings to be proportional tothe variations of current inthe armature member for causing "the. variations of current, 1nthearmature's of thetwo-maclnnes connected in parallel acrosssaid-circuit, o'ne 4, 6.0 and in .sa1d*ant1- sp ark1ng wmd ngs to'be.propo'rtio ial. i 22. In combination, asu pply' circuit,- twocompound-wound,dynamo-electric machines 6.5V only of saidv'machinesiljbelng'provided with a series wound commutatin pioles, faneq'uahz: mg connectlon between sai two machines, and

auxiliary means .for causing thefproportiom ate division of the loadbetween said machines to be maintained 0:15am,

In testimony vwlnereof affix my-sigii'atnre,-,' in the presence oftwo'witnesses.- {f a v I, LEn'wIn-c. wni'on'r.

Witnesses: 2 Y

SHARMAN,

FRED J. KINSEY.

